Sikorsky S-9

The S-9 had the first plywood monocoque fuselage built in Russia. Known as the Kroogly (round), it proved disappointing when first flown in the spring of 1913. The fuselage was heavier than predicted and the nominally 100hp (actually around 80hp) Gnome engine was inadequate for the S-9's 900kg weight. Re-engined with a 100hp Gnome Monosoupape, it still failed to reach 100km/h and had been scrapped by the autumn of 1913.